In this sport today, the motor is gradually replacing the early years of internal combustion engine (Figure 1 -Figure 3), become the mainstream of the power plant model. In the era of internal combustion engine, there are a number of related articles and information, available for everybody to learn. It is a pity that until now, the article introduced working principle of the motor is less. This article will be to have a brush motor and brushless motor principle, structure and operation characteristics of the two do a popular explanation, for the vast number of enthusiasts reference. In this paper, if there are any shortcomings, please correct me. when it comes to rc motor, tell me about the magnet. Magnets and magnets, magnet, a lot of people are exposed as a child,Figure 4)。 In life, the use of a magnet very much, such as the use of the compass, bottle opener, buttons, etc. (FIG. 5)。 Magnet has magnetism, it is the arctic and Antarctic common letter S and N said. Follow the same poles repel, heteropolar magnet poles of attraction principle. the motor is made of the principle. The conductor (Wire)Bent into spiral, formed the most simple electromagnet (after the power supplyFigure 6), one end of the spiral coil for N, on the other side for the S pole. If the power is negative, the corresponding spiral coil on the N pole and S pole swapping places. If you want to continue to maintain motor operation, need to make two pieces of permanent magnet and electromagnet combinations on 1 piece of magnetic poles to switch. Permanent magnet good solve the problem, and constantly to get 1 piece of magnetic poles to switch the electromagnet, must force for its power supply power is negative changing over time. smooth functioning of the motor, the actual is to use the magnet heteropolar attraction, with the characteristics of the poles repel (Figure 7)。 Motor as shown in figure 8, the lateral fixed the two pieces of permanent magnet and rotating parts of the middle area is the electromagnet. When in position 1), and as a result of the electromagnet on the left side of the N pole and fixed the N pole of a permanent magnet will repel each other, and on the right side of the S pole attract each other, so the interaction force produces a torque, driving the electromagnet with coil centering on the axis of rotation clockwise rotation to the right. To the position (2), the electromagnet and the attraction of two pieces of permanent magnet maximum position, turn the stop. For the electromagnet can continue to roll, at location (2) connect the power of the spiral coil is negative rapidly swap, (2) of the electromagnet N pole and S pole shift, which left by the S pole into N, right by the N pole into S pole. As a result, the original heteropolar attraction into with poles repel, the forces driving solenoid to clockwise half a circle. So the cycle, the motor will be kept running. so how to make the motor power is negative half a circle of the spiral coil after successful swaps, become the core of the motor running. Aiming at this problem, the first solution is to add a special components, namely the commutator brush motor (Or rectifier)。 Commutator is connected to a coil (Figure 9), and according to the different position of electromagnet, ensuring each roll coil, half a circle of the motor power supply is negative swaps, magnet pole then swaps. the realization of the function of the commutator, relies on its structure. Commutator connect not only the screw on the electromagnet coil, and the same as that of rotation of the motor connection, and with the rotation of the motor rotation. As shown, objects on the motor axis is called the rotor. If looked from one end of the motor output shaft to the other side, the commutator is two same diameter, object segmentation of the fan. in the early of this motor (Figure 10. ), because through the brush and commutator is connected to the cathode of the battery, continuously for the magnet power supply, so this kind of motor is called the brush type, commonly known as a motor. A brush motor work, must rely on about commutator and brush on both ends of the connection, let the electromagnet coil electricity (Figure 11 and figure 12)。 Figure 13 on the positive and negative poles have a brush. When in position 1), commutator two fan-shaped section is connected to the brush, the electromagnet coil is energized. When in position (2), commutator two fan-shaped section left the brush (Figure 14), no current through the coil, the electromagnet on rotor inertial rotation. When transferred to position (3), commutator two fan-shaped section connected to the brush again, electromagnet coil is energized, but is the cathode and the location of the power supply (1) when the opposite. Pole reversals of the electromagnet, continue to drive motor rotor clockwise operation. In these three stages, commutator successfully guaranteed the electrodes on electricity electromagnet coil loop transformation. the above interface � B is the second brush motor. In life, often can see contains three coil has a brush motor, often referred to as three brush motor. Once all the rage the raider buggies model, its use is three pole motor, motor models for 130 (adopted by theFigure 15)。 About three pole has a motor, the operation principle of the leave a suspense, here we are again next time.
