Hoprio Industrial Grade and Raiyon Professional Grade Brushless Power Tools were unveiled at the Mitex
The structure of the brushless motor controller
by：Hoprio
2020-11-12
The composition of the brushless motor controller
1. Electronic commutator
the root of the brushless motor with a brush motor area don't lies in the brushless motor with electronic commutator replaces the mechanical commutator brush motor, and control methods are very different, complex was significantly higher. In the brushless motor controller, with six power MOSFET tubes electronic commutator, its structure as shown in figure 2. Figure in MOSFET tube VT1, VT4 compose into A brushless motor phase winding bridge arm, VT3, VT6 constitute brushless motor phase winding bridge arm, B VT5 and VT2 brushless motor phase winding bridge arm C, in any case, the same bridge arm up and down two pipe cannot at the same time conduction, or you'll burn out the pipe.
6 power MOSFET tube according to certain requirements only conduction along the time, can realize the brushless motor A, B, C three phase winding round circulation, commutation requirements, complete machine run properly. In electric brushless motor controller, the six power tube. Modes and the use of three tee electric way, way. Electricity is every moment between two power tube electricity at the same time, three electrical way tee every moment has three electric power tube at the same time. For. Electricity, power tube is to be prepared in accordance with the VT1, VT2; VT2 VT3; VT3 VT4; VT4 VT5; VT5 VT6; VT6 VT1; VT1, VT2 electricity order, motor can run properly. For the three way tee electricity, power tube is to be prepared in accordance with the VT1, VT2, VT3; VT2、VT3 VT4; VT3、VT4 VT5; VT4、VT5 VT6; VT5、VT6 VT1; VT6、VT1 VT2; VT1, VT2 is, the order of the VT3 electricity, motor can run properly.
2。 Power tube levels before driving circuit power tube before driving circuit is used to drive the commutator of the six MOSFET tube, formed three of the six MOSFET tube of the same bridge arm, for the three of the same bridge arm drive circuit is the same, thus level before power tube driving circuit is composed of 3 set into the same structure of the circuit group, 3 is a typical power tube before flooding dynamic circuit diagram, brush controller for nothing, there are three such circuits, driving three bridge arm respectively.
3。 Single chip microcomputer control circuit
single chip microcomputer control circuit is the core part of brushless motor control apparatus, motor, turn the hall signal, over current measuring signals, brake, etc are direct input to the single chip microcomputer, by single-chip microcomputer for processing, and output by single-chip microcomputer electronic commutator three bridge arms before driving signal, to control the operation of the motor, and single chip microcomputer control circuit is the heart of brushless electrical machine controller. Microcontroller PIC16F72 is electric brushless motor controller of main control chip, decided to output driving signal pulse width, and the speed of the motor. Currently on the market of electric cars to the output signal voltage in 1 ~ 4. 2 v, inside it is made up of a linear hall element and a magnetic body, turn the turn, magnets, hall element induced changes of magnetic field and output voltage.
4。 Speed limit circuit
the speed limit circuit is through partial pressure resistance, reduce the turn the highest voltage signal into the single chip microcomputer, from which limit the speed. In the SPLIMT termination, R67 and R68 bleeder circuit, namely turn down low signal ( SPSIG） Into the MCU voltage of 5 feet, limiting the maximum speed of electric cars.
5。
hall signal detection circuit resistance R31 ~ C16 R36, capacitance ~ C18 input electric road of hall signal detection, resistance R34 ~ R36 formation on potential, electric capacity C16 ~ C18 filtering effect, restrain interference signal. Microcontroller was detected in 15, 16, 17 feet from the three hall position signals inside the motor, to determine the commutation time.
6。 R70 under-voltage detection circuit
element, R71, R72, C23 battery voltage detection circuit, the values to send into the single chip microcomputer of 3 feet, the readings below a certain value when the foot, can force the brushless motor controller does not work, so as to protect the electric pool.
8。 Power circuit in the brushless motor controller, generally need two sets of power supply, one is 14 v power supply for power MOSFET drive, the other is a 5 v power supply, for single chip microcomputer, electric machine, turn the hall hall, etc. 14 v power generally get by the LM317 adjusting tube, generally speaking, 78 l05 get 5 v power supply.
9。
current-limiting/over-current protection circuit current limiting protection is to control the brushless motor controller in a maximum limit work under the current value, for 36 v controller, current limiting value in 14 & plusmn; 1 a, 48 v controller for current limit value in 17 & plusmn; 1A。 Current limiting protection and overload protection, actually when uphill, load will cause heavy load, current increases, but the increase of current limit is current limit value.
1. Electronic commutator
the root of the brushless motor with a brush motor area don't lies in the brushless motor with electronic commutator replaces the mechanical commutator brush motor, and control methods are very different, complex was significantly higher. In the brushless motor controller, with six power MOSFET tubes electronic commutator, its structure as shown in figure 2. Figure in MOSFET tube VT1, VT4 compose into A brushless motor phase winding bridge arm, VT3, VT6 constitute brushless motor phase winding bridge arm, B VT5 and VT2 brushless motor phase winding bridge arm C, in any case, the same bridge arm up and down two pipe cannot at the same time conduction, or you'll burn out the pipe.
6 power MOSFET tube according to certain requirements only conduction along the time, can realize the brushless motor A, B, C three phase winding round circulation, commutation requirements, complete machine run properly. In electric brushless motor controller, the six power tube. Modes and the use of three tee electric way, way. Electricity is every moment between two power tube electricity at the same time, three electrical way tee every moment has three electric power tube at the same time. For. Electricity, power tube is to be prepared in accordance with the VT1, VT2; VT2 VT3; VT3 VT4; VT4 VT5; VT5 VT6; VT6 VT1; VT1, VT2 electricity order, motor can run properly. For the three way tee electricity, power tube is to be prepared in accordance with the VT1, VT2, VT3; VT2、VT3 VT4; VT3、VT4 VT5; VT4、VT5 VT6; VT5、VT6 VT1; VT6、VT1 VT2; VT1, VT2 is, the order of the VT3 electricity, motor can run properly.
2。 Power tube levels before driving circuit power tube before driving circuit is used to drive the commutator of the six MOSFET tube, formed three of the six MOSFET tube of the same bridge arm, for the three of the same bridge arm drive circuit is the same, thus level before power tube driving circuit is composed of 3 set into the same structure of the circuit group, 3 is a typical power tube before flooding dynamic circuit diagram, brush controller for nothing, there are three such circuits, driving three bridge arm respectively.
3。 Single chip microcomputer control circuit
single chip microcomputer control circuit is the core part of brushless motor control apparatus, motor, turn the hall signal, over current measuring signals, brake, etc are direct input to the single chip microcomputer, by single-chip microcomputer for processing, and output by single-chip microcomputer electronic commutator three bridge arms before driving signal, to control the operation of the motor, and single chip microcomputer control circuit is the heart of brushless electrical machine controller. Microcontroller PIC16F72 is electric brushless motor controller of main control chip, decided to output driving signal pulse width, and the speed of the motor. Currently on the market of electric cars to the output signal voltage in 1 ~ 4. 2 v, inside it is made up of a linear hall element and a magnetic body, turn the turn, magnets, hall element induced changes of magnetic field and output voltage.
4。 Speed limit circuit
the speed limit circuit is through partial pressure resistance, reduce the turn the highest voltage signal into the single chip microcomputer, from which limit the speed. In the SPLIMT termination, R67 and R68 bleeder circuit, namely turn down low signal ( SPSIG） Into the MCU voltage of 5 feet, limiting the maximum speed of electric cars.
5。
hall signal detection circuit resistance R31 ~ C16 R36, capacitance ~ C18 input electric road of hall signal detection, resistance R34 ~ R36 formation on potential, electric capacity C16 ~ C18 filtering effect, restrain interference signal. Microcontroller was detected in 15, 16, 17 feet from the three hall position signals inside the motor, to determine the commutation time.
6。 R70 under-voltage detection circuit
element, R71, R72, C23 battery voltage detection circuit, the values to send into the single chip microcomputer of 3 feet, the readings below a certain value when the foot, can force the brushless motor controller does not work, so as to protect the electric pool.
8。 Power circuit in the brushless motor controller, generally need two sets of power supply, one is 14 v power supply for power MOSFET drive, the other is a 5 v power supply, for single chip microcomputer, electric machine, turn the hall hall, etc. 14 v power generally get by the LM317 adjusting tube, generally speaking, 78 l05 get 5 v power supply.
9。
current-limiting/over-current protection circuit current limiting protection is to control the brushless motor controller in a maximum limit work under the current value, for 36 v controller, current limiting value in 14 & plusmn; 1 a, 48 v controller for current limit value in 17 & plusmn; 1A。 Current limiting protection and overload protection, actually when uphill, load will cause heavy load, current increases, but the increase of current limit is current limit value.
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