The working principle of dc motor and ac motor and difference
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The working principle of dc motor and ac motor and difference

Views: 0     Author: Site Editor     Publish Time: 2020-11-12      Origin: Site

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I use the most concise the most accessible way for the dc motor and the working principle of ac motor and difference.



the simplest physical model above is the direct current motor.
how it works:
1. Dc power supply electric current to flow along the positive to the left of the brush, brush and commutator mutual friction, current through the commutator (on the leftAlso called a riser, about this machine has two commutator segment)Flow into the coil, flowing from the right side of the coil, after the commutator segment on the right and the right of the brush flow back to the power of the cathode, formed a closed loop.
2. Because of the coil in the main pole (N and S) in this pictureOf magnetic field, coil will be affected by the effect of electromagnetic force, the two side of the coil due to the current in a different direction,On the left side of the electricity in the flow stream, the right to drain)Two coil side is the same size, so in the opposite direction of electromagnetic force, the two electromagnetic force is just formed the electromagnetic torque, under the drive of electromagnetic torque, coil start turning. In the dc motor coil embedded in the rotor slot, began to turn the motor.
3. Or so commutator segment with axis of rotation, and brush stationary, rotation after a circle, to the left to the right of the coil, the coil on the left to the right, but because of the existence of the riser, now in on the left side of the coil in the direction of current and the original is on the left side of the coil current in the direction of flow, so by the electromagnetic force direction invariable, the right side, too. So from the point of view of space, the coil in the same position by the direction of the electromagnetic force is always constant, this ensures the cyclic rotation of the motor.
4. But a coil, the coil turns to a different position when the magnetic field is not the same, lead to the coil of electromagnetic force has been changed, so the coil rolling is not stable, fast and slow. So can be installed several coil to guarantee the uniformity and stability of the coil stress. And there was such,



even the motor model.



besides the two poles outside, there are exciting coil of electromagnet, small motor with permanent magnets, a little bit big will electromagnet.



model is a model, but the real motor rotor is like this.



and ac motor, ac motor synchronous and asynchronous motor, mainly used for generator, asynchronous mainly motor. I say the asynchronous motor, largely due to asynchronous motor structure is simple, cheap, easy maintenance, reliable operation, etc has been widely used.
ac motor structure is simple, but works is more complicated than the direct current machine, if we are to understand more clearly.



on ac motor stator flux on the three-phase symmetric alternating current (ac), as shown in the above, the stator motionless, only with the current changes can produce rotating composite magnetic field, the magnetic field as a around the stator rotating magnet. With the rotating magnet, it's all right, in the coil of the stator internal literally put a closure, in this closing coil will be inductive electromotive force and current, will generate electromagnetic force, closing coil will turn up. Can understand so, a rotating magnet stator, rotor closing coil due to the induction of charged, but also becomes a magnet, the electromagnet outside in turn, will bring the inside of the electromagnet, and ac motor rotor turns up. The rotation speed of the stator magnetic field is called synchronous speed, the stator magnetic field is inside the rotor's actual pulling in rotation, so its speed will be slower than the speed of the stator magnetic field, so called asynchronous speed. So I have the name of the asynchronous motor.



ac motor rotor is so simple a few closing coil, or closed conductor, like a rat cage, so also called squirrel-cage asynchronous motor. In addition, due to the inside of the rotor is due to the stator magnetic field induction electromotive force and current, so they are called asynchronous motor induction motor. More so the name of the three-phase ac asynchronous motor, ac motor, induction motor, and induction motor, it is said, give it the name from different angles. If you see it is not enough, want to learn more words can post questions in the comments, I will try to answer in detail.

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