Mechanical power for the development of the
in the late 17th century, following the development of the machinery, the increase of the demand for coal and metal ore, only rely on human and animal can not meet the requirements of production increase, so the T in the early 18th century. Newcomen atmospheric engine to drive mine drainage pump. In 1765, J. Watt invented a separate condenser of the steam engine, reduce the fuel consumption rate. In 1781, to provide rotary power watt and created a steam engine, enlarged the application range of the steam engine. The invention of the steam engine and the development, promoting mining and industrial production, railway and handling mechanical power. Almost became the only source of power in the 19th century. But the steam engine and boiler, condenser and cooling water system, such as large volume, heavy application of inconvenience. The end of the 19th century, the power supply system and motor development and promotion. At the beginning of the 20th century, the motor has replaced the steam engine in the industrial production, becoming the basic dynamic drive all kinds of working machinery. Power plants in the early application of the steam engine as the prime mover; The beginning of the 20th century, the high efficiency, high speed, high power of steam turbine, also appeared to adapt to a variety of large and small power turbine hydropower resources. During the late 19th century invention of internal combustion engine through improved year by year, become light and small, high efficiency, easy to manipulate and can start at any time of the prime mover. Internal combustion engine was originally used to drive without power supply working machinery of the land, then used in automobile, mobile machinery (Such as tractors, mining machinery, etc. )And ships, the middle of the 20th century began to used in railway locomotive. Internal combustion engine and the later invention of gas turbines and jet engines, and the basis of successful development, including aircraft, spacecraft technology factor.
mechanical processing technology of the development of the industrial revolution, machinery is mostly made of woodworking manual wood, metal,Mainly iron and steel)Just to make instruments, clocks, lock, pump, and on the small wood mechanical parts. Metal processing mainly by the engineman carefully crafted in order to achieve the required accuracy. With the wide use of the steam engine and the resulting mining, metallurgical and other large machinery, ships and engine development, need forming and machining of metal parts is becoming more and more by the development of copper, iron, metal materials used to is given priority to with steel. Machining (Including casting, forging, welding, heat treatment technology and its equipment and machining technology and machine tools, cutting tools, measuring tool, etc. )Rapid development, so as to ensure the development of various kinds of machinery and equipment needed for production supplies. At the same time, along with the increase of the production batch and the development of precision machining technology, have contributed to the mass production methods (Production parts interchangeability, specialized division of labor and collaboration, water processing line and assembly line, etc. )The formation of. 2 services
in the production of mechanical engineering services is very wide, every use of machinery, tools, and energy and material production departments, all need mechanical engineering services. Modern mechanical engineering has five major service areas: (1) develop and provide energy conversion machinery, including the thermal and chemical energy, atomic energy, electricity, fluid pressure can and natural mechanical energy is converted into a suitable for the application of various machinery of mechanical energy, and converts mechanical energy to other energy needed to mechanical energy conversion. (2) develop and provide for the production of various products for machinery, including agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery machinery and mining machinery and a variety of heavy industry and light industry machinery, etc. (3) develop and provide engaged in machinery, all kinds of services such as material handling machinery, transportation machinery, medical machinery, office machinery, ventilation, heating and air conditioning and dust removal, purification, noise elimination, environmental protection equipment, etc. (4) develop and provide with the mechanical family and personal life, such as washing machines, refrigerators, clocks and watches, cameras and sports equipment and entertainment devices, etc. 5. Develop and provide all kinds of mechanical arms.
3 electromechanical integrated
electromechanical integration technology and mechatronics products known collectively, is introduce microelectronics components in mechanical and electrical products and technology. Also called mechanical microelectronics technology, electromechanical integration technology is mechanical engineering, microelectronics technology, information processing technology and other technology merge into a system. Electromechanical integration products is using electromechanical integration technology design, production of a kind of software and hardware system with multi-function standalone or complete sets of equipment, usually by the mechanical noumenon, microelectronics devices, sensors and actuators, etc. Mechanical and electrical integration technology involving disciplines of mechanical engineering (Such as mechanisms, mechanical processing and precision technology, etc. ), electrician and electronic technology (Such as electromagnetism, computer technology and electronic circuit, etc. ), generic technology (Such as system technology and control technology and sensor technology, etc. )。 Mechanical and electrical integration of the main products are commodity production with (Such as robots and automatic production lines and factories, etc. ), circulation of commodities,Such as numerical control packaging machinery and system, the microcomputer control of transportation machines and CNC engineering machinery and equipment, etc. ), goods storage sales (Such as automatic warehouse, automatic weighing and sales and cash handling system, etc. ), social service,Such as office automation machinery and automation facilities such as health care and environmental protection, etc. )And family, scientific research, agriculture, forestry and fishing, aerospace and defense with mechanical and electrical integration of the product. Mechanical and electrical integration of the technology of mechanical industry structure, product structure, function and structure, a great change of the mode of production and management system, etc.
