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If you want to boost the speed and performance of your remote control (RC) car, one of the best upgrades you can make is to switch from a brushed motor to a brushless motor. Brushless motors are more efficient, reliable, and powerful than brushed motors, and they can provide smoother acceleration, higher top speeds, and longer run times. However, upgrading to a brushless motor requires some knowledge and skills, as well as some tools and parts. In this article, we will show you how to upgrade your RC car with a brushless motor, step by step.
Understanding the Differences between Brushed and Brushless Motors
Before we dive into the details of the upgrade process, let's first clarify what brushed and brushless motors are, and how they differ. Both types of motors use electromagnetic fields and commutation to create rotational motion, but they have different designs and functionalities.
Brushed motors have brushes, which are small carbon blocks that press against a rotating commutator to switch the current direction in the coils, causing the rotor to spin. Brushed motors are simple, affordable, and easy to control, but they have several limitations, such as lower efficiency, higher maintenance, and less power per size.
Brushless motors, on the other hand, use electronic commutation, which means they have a built-in controller that switches the current direction in the stator coils based on the rotor's position detected by sensors or back electromotive force. Brushless motors are more complex, expensive, and sensitive to heat and voltage, but they also have several advantages, such as higher efficiency, lower maintenance, and more power per size.
Choosing the Right Brushless Motor for Your RC Car
Not all brushless motors are created equal, and not all of them are suitable for your RC car. When you choose a brushless motor, you need to consider several factors, such as the size, weight, and type of your RC car, as well as the voltage, current, and RPM range of the motor. You also need to match the motor with a compatible electronic speed controller (ESC), which regulates the motor's speed and direction based on the input from your transmitter and receiver.
To determine the right brushless motor for your RC car, you can use the following formula:
Motor KV = (Battery Voltage - ESC Voltage Loss C Receiver/BEC Voltage) / (Motor RPM/Volt)
For example, if your RC car uses a 2-cell LiPo battery (7.4 volts), a 60-amp ESC with 5 volts of voltage loss, and a 6-volt receiver/BEC, and you want a motor that can reach 25,000 RPM at full throttle, the KV rating should be:
Motor KV = (7.4 - 5 - 6) / (25,000 / 7.4) = 1727
This means you should look for a brushless motor with a KV rating of around 1700. However, keep in mind that this is just a rough estimate, and you should also consider other factors, such as the quality and brand of the motor, as well as the availability and price of spare parts and accessories.
Upgrading Your RC Car with a Brushless Motor
Now that you have chosen the right brushless motor for your RC car, it's time to install it. The following steps will guide you through the basic process, but keep in mind that the specific details may vary depending on your RC car and motor.
Step 1: Remove the existing motor and ESC from your RC car, and disconnect their wires from the battery, receiver, and servo.
Step 2: Mount the new motor on the motor mount of your RC car, using screws and spacers if necessary. Make sure the motor shaft is aligned with the center of the pinion gear, and the wires are facing the rear of the car.
Step 3: Connect the motor wires to the corresponding wires of the ESC, using bullet connectors or soldering. Make sure the polarity and phase are correct, and the wires are insulated and secured.
Step 4: Mount the ESC on the chassis or the receiver box of your RC car, using double-sided tape or screws. Make sure the heatsink or fan of the ESC is exposed to the airflow for cooling.
Step 5: Connect the ESC to the battery, receiver, and servo, using the proper plugs and wires. Make sure the power wires are thick enough to handle the current, and the signal wires are routed away from the motor and other sources of interference.
Step 6: Program the ESC with the proper settings, such as the battery type, cutoff voltage, timing, and braking. You can refer to the manual of the ESC or the motor, or download the software and firmware from the manufacturer's website.
Step 7: Test the RC car in a safe and open area, away from people, animals, or obstacles. Start with a low speed and gradually increase it, checking the temperature, sound, and performance of the motor and ESC. Adjust the settings if necessary, and enjoy your faster and smoother RC car!
Conclusion
Upgrading your RC car with a brushless motor can be a rewarding and challenging experience, but it requires some preparation and caution. By choosing the right brushless motor and ESC, and following the proper steps for installation and testing, you can transform your RC car into a high-performance machine that can conquer any terrain and race. So, why not give it a try and see for yourself? Happy driving!