What protective measures should be taken to dc motor controller

there are a lot of equipment operation will depend on the dc motor controller. So in the use process, in order to use safety, and protect the motor controller, which usually adopt protective measures? one When the load is too large or large current caused by the improper use and would burn up power transistor, and will use high-power transistors, protect destruction drive for more than current specifications. two When flow motor controller workload big, when stopped spinning equipment side back to drive energy will endanger the drive, so we need to cooperate with overvoltage protection circuit and retrogradation energy dissipation circuit for processing.